Diponegoro War (Javanese War)
It is this treasure that in the future makes my spiritual soul sharp .../Panggula wentah iki ingkang ing tembe njalari jiwa spirituale saya keasah...
Part 1
Prince Diponegoro, born on Friday Wage, 11 November 1785 ..
He is the eldest son of Sinuwun HB III and his wife Ampil, Raden Ayu Mangkarawati (daughter of the Duke of Pacitan) ...
In the east, he was known as, Bendara Raden Mas Ontowiryo ...
Sultan HB I loved his great -grandson very much, and predicted that Diponegoro would attain greatness beyond his own ...
Bendara Raden Mas Ontowiryo, grew up in the royal environment, and received his Islamic education, such as Ngaji, and studied other Islam.
It is this treasure that in the future makes my spiritual soul sharp ...
He likes Khalwat (silence) in the mountains and caves on the left and right.
From the east, Raden Ontowiryo moved to Tegalrejo, because there was a massacre in the palace.
In addition, Raden Ontowiryo also could not live happily in the palace which is often called Andrawina the "Western" way which provided "liquor" ...
In Tegalrejo, Raden Ontowiryo was raised by his Grandmother, Ratu Ageng, the wife of Prameswari HB I.
Because sitting in the middle of my childhood, eventually grew to love our people, and freely study Islam there ...
Since living with his grandfather, Raden Ontowiryo came to the palace only twice a year, namely on Eid al -Fitr and Grebeg Maulid ...
After growing up, BRM Ontowiryo was given the title of Prince of Diponegoro ...
He is a highly respected man.
In addition to practicing Islam, he also liked the evil of Javanese mysticism.
Therefore, he prefers to meditate and go to the pesantren than to the palace ...
When Sultan HB III resigned, Prince Diponegoro was not elected as Sultan Ngayogya, because he was married to a concubine ...
The one chosen to sit on the throne is Prince Jarot, the son of Prameswari's wife who was 13 years old at the time ...
This decision was approved by the Dutch Government.
Finally, Prince Jarot ruled in Yogyakarta with the title of Sri Sultan HB IV.
After that, Prince Jarot ruled under the supervision of the royal court.
However, Sultan Anom did not live long ...
In 1822, he passed away and left a son who was 3 years old.
Because of that, Prince Diponegoro still hopes to replace his younger brother ...
However, the Dutch Gunermen did not agree.
For, in 1822, the Resident of the Netherlands, Baron de Salis even deposed Prince Gathot Menol who was still 3 years old as Sultan of Yogyakarta with the title, Sultan HB V ..
In addition, Prince Diponegoro, Prince Mangkubumi, and Ibu Suri (Wife of Prameswari HB IV) ended up as Guardians ...
The nobles are assigned to accompany the Sultan to rule the country until the Sultan matures and can rule himself ...
Of course, this makes Prince Diponegoro unhappy ...
Hence, he chose to retreat and get out of the royal environment ...
Diponegoro felt humiliated because he had to submit to the Dutch decision, and had to worship the young King ...
However, the rules and procedures of the palace must be so ...
Despite being a member of the trust, Prince Diponegoro is rarely involved in state affairs.
In fact, when he reported the problem to me, he did not get a satisfactory service ...
Eventually, Prince Diponegoro left the Board of Trustees, and never again followed the rules of government affairs.
Masio Prince Gathot Menol who became the ruler, but in fact, the royal government was held by Patih Danurejo ...
However, the duke was easily influenced and very submissive to the Gubermen.
This made Prince Diponegoro's mind not long that the royal culture was mixed with "outside" culture that was not related to Javanese culture and Islam which was his faith.
Diponegoro is a prince who obeys the teachings and laws of Islam.
He is also a scholar who likes to read books on history, literature, and religion ...
Part 2
Prince Diponegoro thought that if foreigners settled on the land owned by the palace by way of rent, it was the same as the fall of Java under foreign rule.
Therefore, Java must be captured by means of sabil war ...
Eventually, Prince Diponegoro relieved his mental illness with kholwat, and approached the Almighty in the caves ..
One of the caves that the Prince often used to sleep, is the Selarong Cave ...
Because we consider the rules of the Palace and the Government to be very harmful, therefore, we really hope that Prince Diponegoro can be saved from the actions of the deck siya ...
The followers of the Prince believe, if Prince Diponegoro has received a Revelation from God the Creator of the Universe ..
In fact, we have assumed that the Prince is the candidate for the Queen of Justice who has been waiting for his arrival ...
Diponegoro not only hated the Dutch and the Chinese, but also the royal officials who were allied with the Dutch and often corrupted their morals.
Diponegoro thinks that the people have been infected with the "Western" culture, so that their morals have deteriorated ...
Even so, Diponegoro did not really hate the Chinese.
He just hated the Dutch who often interfered in the affairs of the palace.
There was even a Chinese man who supported the Prince's struggle by giving Turangga Cemani who was given the Kyai Gentayu Mark ...
It was Turangga who was his partner in driving out the invaders.
Part 3
At that time Prince Diponegoro heard the news that the Dutch Government was going to build a road as one of the modernization of Java ..
Initially, the government ordered the construction of a road that would connect the cities of Yogyakarta and Magelang via Muntilan.
However, in mid -May 1825, the Dutch changed their route, and took the route through Tegalrejo ...
The road will also pass through the villages on the left and right of Tegalrejo ...
Without any notice, the Government then installed road blocks and evicted parts of the houses that will be used for the road project ...
In fact, the road will also pass the tomb of the ancestors of Prince Diponegoro ..
This is what makes the heart of God pure.
So Prince Diponegoro then sent a letter of protest to the Resident's office ...
However, the protest was not carried out by Patih Danurejo and the Resident of the Netherlands, AH. Smissaert ...
Although the pepiling has been prepared by the community, but the Government has not stopped ...
Prince Diponegoro feels this action is a form of challenge for him ...
Our men got up at the back of Diponegoro, and stuck their spears on the ground as a form of annoyance ...
After that, Diponegoro ordered his officers to remove the stakes ...
Knowing this, Resident Smissaert then called Diponegoro to his office.
But Diponegoro is not the leader of the Resident ...
The Dutch and Patih Danurejo then sent Prince Mangkubumi, our sentana who is still revered and revered by Prince Diponegoro, to speak to Diponegoro ...
But after talking to Diponegoro, Prince Mangkubumi even united with Diponegoro ...
Mangkubumi was also not long when the graves of his relatives were disturbed, and encouraged his nephew's actions ...
When Prince Mangkubumi was about to appear before the Resident, Diponegoro warned the Dutch to expel Patih Danurejo IV who was considered detrimental to our nation ...
When Mangkubumi negotiated with the Dutch, Mangkubumi still did not allow the project to penetrate the cemetery which is considered sacred by the people and family of Diponegoro ...
But Resident Smissaert remained reluctant to move.
Therefore, the Government will pay a higher price if it has to change routes.
The Dutch also rejected Diponegoro's request to dismiss Patih Danurejo IV, and even defended the Sultan's "High Official".
The Dutch believe that Danurejo has made a significant contribution to the interests of the Government.
Peace efforts are still underway, but Prince Diponegoro did not hesitate to lead the Dutch Resident ...
In fact Prince Mangkubumi also did not report the duties assigned to the Resident.
This is considered a rebellion of Mangkubumi and Diponegoro ...
Hence the Assistant Resident of Yogyakarta, Chevallier was sent to a "dispute area" to bring soldiers to escort the prince when the chlorine ...
When the Dutch soldiers arrived in Tegalrejo, hundreds of us were ready to stand with sharp weapons.
In addition, residents also set up road blocks and stopped workers who were working.
In the end, the war could not be a war between us and the Dutch Resident soldiers.
We are all united in Prince Diponegoro, and promise war to the Netherlands ...
So on June 19, 1825, Diponegoro actually attacked the Dutch East Indies Government by taking up arms ...
The war began with the killing of a Dutch lieutenant in the event of clearing a road block ...
At that time, Diponegoro hoisted the flag of Gula Klapa (Red and White) which has not been included since Jayakatwang in 1292 until the time of Sultan Agung ...
Part 4
On July 20, 1825, Dutch cannons and rifles exploded, retaliated by spears and swords from Diponegoro's followers in Tegalrejo ...
Hence, the war of independence that wanted to escape from the Dutch rule and the desire to establish a new independent state and society, has begun ...
Eventually, Dutch soldiers and Danurejo IV began to besiege Tegalrejo ...
The Dutch have a reason to arrest the prince of Diponegoro who is considered a prisoner of the Dutch East Indies Government.
Seeing the dangerous behavior of the villagers, Prince Diponegoro told his followers to flee to the west, namely to the village of Dekso, Kulonprogo ..
The war broke out.
The news of Prince Diponegoro's death received support from anyone who felt overwhelmed by the Dutch.
Therefore, all Javanese people from Piyayi, Kuli, workers, merchants, farmers, scholars, teachers, united in supporting the struggle of Prince Diponegoro ...
With the message "Sak Dumuk Bathuk Senyari Bumi, Di Tohi Tekan Pati", our people united to drive out the invaders ...
On July 29, 1825, Resident Smissaert sent Chevallier to lead a combined army (the Dutch and the followers of Patih Danurejo IV) to invade Tegalrejo.
So, Tegalrejo turned into a red coral ...
However, Diponegoro, Mangkubumi and their entourage have left ...
Chevallier continues to attack Tegalrejo ..
In the end, Chevallier managed to capture Tegalrejo.
However, Prince Diponegoro and Mangkubumi managed to escape the fury of the Dutch ...
Due to the huge gap without work, Chevallier set fire to the entire village, including the Diponegaran house and dozens of houses on the left and right of the Diponegaran house.
From a distance, Diponegoro above Turangga Cemani white striped legs, Prince Mangkubumi and his followers watched the burning with a sad heart ...
Later, Selarong cave became the base of Diponegoro's defense.
Selarong Cave is a place to devise forces and tactics to avenge the Dutch arbitrariness ...
Part 5
News of the Dutch invasion of Tegalrejo spread throughout Yogyakarta and Surakarta.
Many of us without being "commanded" to Selarong to follow the struggle of the Prince ...
Support for Diponegoro comes from everywhere.
In fact, the princes of the palace of Yogyakarta also follow the line of Diponegoro ...
The princes of this kingdom were among the sons of HB I, II, and III who were all 23, and the sons of the time who numbered 54 ...
The son of Sultan Sepuh (HB II) named Prince Puger, is the General Adviser and took care of the affairs of the "Household" of the Diponegoro family ...
Meanwhile, Prince Bei (Ngabehi Joyokusumo), the Grand Senopati is the organizer of war tactics with the rank of "Generalissimus" ...
Among the Piyayi of the palace, there was a young senopati, Sentot Prawirodirjo (Alibasah), son of Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III ..
Like Rama, Sentot is a soldier who is feared by his opponents ...
Sentot, one of Diponegoro's senopati who is known as a war tactician ...
When Prince Diponegoro ended the war, Sentot Prawirodirjo was still 16 years old ...
Ulama Bayat and troops led by Kyai Mojo and Tumenggung Prawirodigdoyo from Surakarta, also supported the struggle of Prince Diponegoro ..
Kyai Mojo, one of the Islamic scholars, is known as a "Spiritual Leader" and Religious Advisor, as well as a "War Inspector" in the Diponegoro War ...
Kyai Mojo is from Mojo village, north of Surakarta.
He has an amazing toughness and toughness ...
War propaganda against the occupiers spread everywhere ...
In Yogyakarta, Jayanegara recently wrote a circular letter to invite all the people of Mataram to support the struggle of Prince Diponegoro and Mangkubumi to expel the Dutch invaders ..
Outside of Yogyakarta, such as Banyumas and around the left, the call for "Jihad fi Sabililiah" was chanted by Kyai Kasan Besari from Kedu ...
This invitation was received by our people with magita-gita ...
Unexpectedly, the support also came from Sinuwun Pakubuwono VI secretly ..
You told Prince Diponegoro and his troops to follow the strategy of the "Dhedemitan" War alias "Gebang Ancat Nrabas Geblas", which is to attack suddenly and then disappear into the woods, caves, mountains, and the darkness of night ...
Apparently, this tactic terrified the Dutch army.
Therefore, he said that in the early years, the Diponegoro army always achieved victory ...
The great victory achieved by the Diponegoro troops, took place in the village of Pisangan, on the border of Muntilan and Yogyakarta, led by Tumenggung Mulyo Sentiko ...
By force, Diponegoro's troops intercepted a convoy of 120 Dutch troops.
Laskar Diponegoro successfully defeated the enemy, and confiscated 50,000 guilders, and weapons belonging to Dutch soldiers ...
On August 6, 1825, Diponegoro troops and senopati, successfully destroyed the Dutch headquarters in Purwodadi and Pacitan ...
These victories, successfully boosted the spirit of the soldiers and me, to fight the Dutch invaders ...
So, this war spread to Banyumas, Pekalongan, Semarang, Rembang, to Madiun ...
Part 6
Governor General Van der Capellen was shocked to death to hear the news of Prince Diponegoro's death ...
Because, Resident Smissaert always reported that the situation in Vorstenlanden during the chlorine was peaceful.
But the fact is, the terrible unrest has spread far and wide outside the region, and even around the island of Java.
Thus, the Dutch called this War the Javanese War or De Java Oorloog ....
However, the Dutch were not enough to face the Diponegoro army.
Because, more than half of them are facing the war of the Padri in West Sumatra, and calming down Sultan Hasanuddin in Sulawesi ...
At that time, Van der Capellen was ready to return to the Netherlands, because his stay was coming to an end ...
However, due to this situation, he was forced to resign, and asked for a "extension" of another half year.
He didn't want his image to be tarnished in the Netherland ...
Later, the Governor -General sent Lieutenant General Hendrick Marcus de Kock to handle this battle ...
On the other hand, Prince Diponegoro, Mangkubumi, Kyai Mojo and Sentot Prawirodirjo, I persist in spreading resistance ...
Diponegoro knew that the Dutch were short of numbers, and the war was about to approach the Ngayogya kingdom ...
Knowing this situation, De Kock then confirmed his defense in Yogyakarta ...
But in Logorok, North Ngayogya region, 200 Dutch soldiers, including the Commander, Captain Kumsius, were killed by the Diponegoro army led by Mulya Sentiko ...
In addition, the Dutch soldiers guarding the defenses at Fort Vredenburg, as well as only 200 people ...
To show his commitment to the Netherlands, Sunan Pakubuwono VI sent soldiers to Surakarta.
Meanwhile, Mangkunegaran also sent the Mangkunegaran Legion to De Kock ...
In fact, this Dutch General also received the help of Sultan Paku Nataningrat from Sumenep by sending Madurese soldiers led by Prince Suryadiningrat.
Eventually, the lack of troops, has been sufficient ...
De Kock also successfully protected Sultan HB V and sentana from rebel threats.
Sultan HB V was "safe" inside Vredenburg Fortress.
In this way, De Kock reduces the “involvement” of the royal family ...
De Kock also managed to expel the Diponegoro army, out of the palace area for some ...
Because the Sultanate had lost its authority, the Government of the Dutch East Indies, asked the Sultan Sepuh (HB II) who had been Naledra Ngayogya, to sit on the throne, and rise to rule in Yogyakarta again.
Sultan Sepuh agreed to the Dutch request.
Meanwhile, to face Diponegoro, the Dutch East Indies was forced to attract soldiers who were facing the Padri in West Sumatra ...
Occasionally, the parties around the chlorine refer to the "Ceasefire)
Part 7
The support of Prince Diponegoro's struggle, not only from our people and ordinary Piyayi ..
But unexpectedly, Kanjeng Susuhunan Pakubuwono VI, also gave help ...
Nalendra in Surakarta, who is also known by the title of Sinuwun Bangun Tapa, has a lot to offer in Diponegoro ...
Due to an agreement with the Government of the Dutch East Indies, Sinuwun did not show his support ...
However, Sinuwun always donates in the form of funds and weapons ...
Prince Diponegoro also sneaked into the Surakarta palace to discuss the attitude of Mangkunegaran and Madura ...
However, when the Dutch came to the palace, Sinuwun and Diponegoro pretended to quarrel and "attack each other" ...
Reportedly, the last train of Prince Diponegoro, was immediately hidden in the palace environment by the command of Sinuwun ...
Thus, we ask PB VI to do two things ...
In addition to supporting the struggle of Diponegoro, he also sent soldiers to help the Dutch.
Raden Ngabei Ronggowarsito, also followed the line of soldiers in this "drama" ...
In other areas, such as Demak, Pekalongan, Banten, Banyumas, Ledok, Kedu, and Brang Wetan, the Diponegoro envoys managed to win the spirit of our people.
Thanks to the services of the envoys, about 35,000 people from Purbalingga, united to descend Kedu and succeed in capturing Parakan and Magelang ...
Faced with this, the Dutch soldiers who united in Magelang, attacked the rebels in the vicinity of Kedu which connects the Fortress in Bawen to Parakan ...
This Dutch soldier, received help from the Chinese who joined the ranks of "Yong Sekar" from the Mangkunegaran Legion, and also from the soldiers of the Regents who were loyal to the Dutch, namely Raden Tumenggung Danuningrat Regent of Magelang, Raden Tumenggung Aryo Sumodilogo Regent of Menoreh (Temanggung) , Tumenggung Mangunsentiko, Tumenggung Wiroyudo, and Tumenggung Mertodiwiro
Part 8
On July 27, 1825, Diponegoro's soldiers, who wanted to capture the city of Magelang, reached Tidar mountain.
However, the attack was unsuccessful, so the raid was moved to the Menoreh area.
Soon after, in the end of August 1825, the Diponegoro army succeeded in capturing Cempaka, Telahap, Parakan, and Propak...
In this battle, the Regent of Menoreh, Arya Sumodilogo, met the...
On August 31, 1825, the soldiers led by Prince Abubakar and Prince Adikusumo, wanted to capture Magelang..
In the battle in the area of Sadegan and Pucang, the officers of Landa and the Regent of Magelang, Danuningrat, who helped the Dutch in the Kedu Kidul region, were killed by Diponegoro soldiers...
After that, in order to keep the army of Diponegoro moving, De Kock built Forts on the Jengking River, Borobudur, Magelang, and Tempel...
So, on December 1, 1826, Pangeran Mangkudiningrat (Mangkuwijoyo), the son of Sultan Sepuh, was arrested by the Dutch in Plendingan...
Then, at the beginning of January 1827, Diponegoro led the struggle and defeated 8,000 soldiers at Mount Tawon.
These soldiers attacked the Trayem Fort, thus breaking out the War for hundreds of years around the Progo and Bogowonto Rivers...
I am Pajang, who is looked after by Prince Rapat Notoprojo, sometimes Prince Mangkudiningrat..
However, he also joined the Dutch when they wanted to attack the Bagelen and Kedu areas.
Upon hearing that defeat, Prince Diponegoro was angry...
Then, Diponegoro avenged that defeat by conquering the area of Gunung Tawang...
However, on January 19, 1827, Prince Surya Mataram and Prince Prangwedono surrendered to Landa...
The war in the areas of Banyumas, Pekalongan, Ledok, and Jabrangkah led by Imam Musba and Mas Lurah, caused the speed of the Dutch East Indies government to be disrupted...
The relationship between the Netherlands and Cirebon is strengthened in the Tegal region up to Pekalongan..
Because, this area is still under the control of Diponegoro's followers
Part 9
In this War, the Dutch East Indies received support from the Chinese who were forced to become soldiers, from Semarang, Bogor, and Magelang.
Similarly, Prince Diponegoro also got help from the Prince of Serang and the Regent of Serang, Sukowati.
Prince Serang is sometimes the brother-in-law of Prince Mangkudiningrat, or the son-in-law of Sultan Sepuh.
One of the wives of Pangeran Serang, there is still a Trah Sunan Kalijogo, who was given the title, Nyi Ageng Serang....
Nyi Ageng Serang, whose real name is RA Kustiyah Wulaningsih Retno Edi, is the youngest son of Serang Regent, Panembahan Notoprojo...
Although Piyayi's son, Nyi Ageng Serang is very close to me since she was still in the east..
Nyi Ageng Serang's spirit of struggle is fierce to defend our people...
In addition, he died defending Prince Mangkubumi (HB I) against PB II who was helped by Landa, and also showed his spirit to fight against Landa...
In addition to being a wife, she is also one of the most beloved female soldiers...
Therefore, he is also known as "Djayeng Sekar"...
In the Ngayogya Palace, the name Djayeng Sekar and Langen Kusuma is the name of the Female Warrior Corps formed by Sultan HB I, whose members are female swordsmen with arrows and spears (Infantry), and also Turangga soldiers (Cavalry)...
Therefore, Nyi Ageng Serang was asked by Prince Diponegoro to lead the Gula Klapa army for the South East Central Java region...
Nyi Ageng Serang later became one of Prince Diponegoro's mainstay Senopati..
He and the "Shield Warrior" have the ability to attack quickly...
Let's make the enemy dark and ugly...
However, he also fell in mid-air, and was buried in Mount Trajumas, Kalibawang, Kulonprogo
Part 10
After Prince Notoprojo of Ngayogya gave assistance to Prince Diponegoro, Semarang could be prepared to attack the Purwodadi area...
So, on August 28, 1827, Purwodadi was captured by Pangeran Serang who was also helped by the Regent of Gagatan.
After that, the rebellion spread to Kudus, Demak, Wirosari, Grobogan, and Semarang.
But it turns out, the Dutch want to keep Semarang.
After receiving additional soldiers from Surabaya, Sumenep, and Solo, Landa faced the Diponegoro army led by General Van Geen...
In this battle, the Regent of Gagatan was captured, then held in Surakarta...
The former Regent of Semarang, Adipati Suroadimenggolo, was arrested because his son Raden Sukur supported Diponegoro...
Besides that, Bupati Serang is still chasing Van Geen....
15 September 1827, Van Geen attacked Demak..
In this battle, the Regent of Serang was able to escape from Landa's control even though his house was burned in Landa's fire.
Then, he united with Arya Kertodirjo, Senopati of Diponegoro soldiers in Madiun region...
Meanwhile, Prince Basah Sastrodilogo, led the struggle in Rembang and Bojonegoro...
He kidnapped his soldiers in Rajegwesi, Bojonegoro...
At that time, Sastrodilogo was one of the Tumenggung and Senopati of the Sultan's Warriors in Yogyakarta...
However, when Sultan Sepuh came to power for the third time, Sastrodilogo went back to Rembang, and carried out the order of Prince Diponegoro to put down the rebellion there...
November 28, 1827, Basah Sastrodilogo succeeded in capturing Rajegwesi, Ngawi, Rembang, and Tuban...
After the Dutch built Forts in Tuban, Bancar, Pluntaran, Blora, and Pamotan, the Dutch army managed to push back the Sastrodilogo army
Part 11
Because Diponegoro soldiers often attack suddenly, like Raden Mas Said or Pangeran Samber Nyawa, so since April 1826, General De Kock led the "Rebellion Suppression Operation" directly.
In order to prevent the growth of chaos in the area due to the behavior of the rebels, he built small forts that were made to "interconnect" between districts...
In some of these, Surakarta was used as a base for Dutch soldiers to go to Yogyakarta.
After that, De Kock led the soldiers between the Forts, and patrolled regularly...
On the other hand, De Kock also spread my secret to sneak into my midst so that he can find out where Diponegoro is...
General Van Geen has even managed to capture Demak, which was under the control of Diponegoro's army.
Meanwhile, Lieutenant Colonel Chosius, De Kock's superior, proposed a way to capture Diponegoro, which is to use the Sayembara method for our people.
The Government of the Dutch East Indies will give a reward of 20,000 real to anyone who can capture the prince of Diponegoro...
However, the competition is not over.
Because our people are supporting the struggle of Prince Diponegoro..
Since the Great War can no longer be stopped..
Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery soldiers are in the suntakKe..
The battlefield also grew in rural areas and cities throughout Java.
The Senopati also use the natural conditions as a basis to formulate War tactics
The soldiers often attack during heavy rains..
Because, the tropical rain succeeded in slowing down the actions of the Dutch soldiers..
In addition, plagues like Malaria, Dysentery, and others, are also "invisible enemies" that cause physical weakness, and mental weakness, even leading to death...
Therefore, at that time, the Dutch East Indies Government invited to the negotiating table....
Part 12
When a "ceasefire" is agreed upon, Landa will reorganize its forces
Meanwhile, Landa also spread ribbons and "provocateurs" in the villages and cities to stir up anger, divide, and pressure the families of the Princes and Senopati who follow Diponegoro.
Even so, there were no indigenous soldiers who fought against the Dutch
At the height of the war, the Dutch East Indies sent 23,000 soldiers
This has never been done in Landa, considering that the area of Central Java and East Java is not a large area
Therefore, from the point of view of the warrior (military), this war uses all modern methods of warfare, whether it is the method of fighting (open war), or fighting (guerrilla), which is carried out with the strategy of attacking, sneaking, and lying in wait...
The strategy is no longer a tribal war, but a modern war that uses a variety of methods, such as the war of nerves with "pressure, provocation for anyone who speaks directly to the party...
On the other hand, whether Landa or Diponegoro also installed Telik Sandi (intelligence) to find the weaknesses, and the strength of the opponent.
The battle broke out again in Mataram...
Diponegoro also succeeded in capturing Imogiri and Pleret, followed by Delanggu, Lengkong, and Kasuran...
In that case, the Surakarta Palace, Pakualaman, and Mangkunegaran were on the Dutch side...
The Surorejo Tumenggung Army succeeded in chasing the Mangkunegaran Legion..
Diponegoro also managed to capture the Dutch headquarters in Prambanan, and managed to seize the Dutch cannons...
The Dutch defense in Madiun was also crushed by Prince Serang and Prince Syukur...
In Dekso, Sentot Prawirodirjo succeeded in killing almost all the Dutch soldiers..
However, General Van Geen, Colonel Cochius, Prince Murdoningrat, and Prince Panular managed to escape from Sentot's attack....
Soon, Prince Murdoningrat, Prince Panular, and Lieutenant Habert returned to attack Diponegoro's soldiers...
In this battle, Lieutenant Habert died at the hands of Prince Diponegoro.
The soldiers of Surakarta who fought against Diponegoro, also fought in Delanggu...
Gowok Fort guarded by Colonel Le Baron, was also successfully captured...
But in this battle, Prince Diponegoro was shot in the chest and slapped...
At that time, Diponegoro ordered Sentot to withdraw...
Because, according to Prince Diponegoro, the purpose of this war is to fight the Landa, not the Javanese...
However, just one step away, the Surakarta palace can be captured
Part 13
De Kock's defeat made me even more determined.
De Kock asked the Central Government for additional budget...
The plan is that the funds will be used to build the Stelsel Fort that can prevent the movement of the Diponegoro army in the areas that have been captured by the Dutch...
Hopefully, this method can persuade Diponegoro to be willing to negotiate...
At the beginning of the war, the strategy applied by the Dutch was to chase Diponegoro.
But this is the loss of the Netherlands.
Therefore, in November 1826, the Dutch infiltrated Kyai Sentono as a leader in Diponegoro's army...
Based on Kyai Sentono's report, Landa then changed tactics...
Landa no longer chases Diponegoro, but uses siege tactics...
Therefore, the Dutch built the Fort and defense posts or the so-called Stelsel Fort.
Then, in the Mataram region, like in Bantul, Paluwatu, Pasargede, Jatinom, and Delanggu, strong Dutch fortresses grew...
In fact, about 165 forts were built by Landa to besiege Diponegoro soldiers...
On the other hand, there are many Regents who help Landa..
Of course, this makes it difficult for Diponegoro soldiers to "communicate"...
Therefore, Diponegoro's resistance became easy to curb...
In fact, Bulkiyo's soldiers faced difficult times...
In the middle of that difficult time, Diponegoro gathered the Elders and Elders to take over the very unpleasant situation...
"Meeting" held at Bagelen Hostel..
Senopati agreed, the resistance will continue until independence is achieved in Java...
As a result, many soldiers became...
Finally, Pangeran Kusumowijoyo or Pangeran Serang who ignited the resistance in Surakarta palace, died in the breast...
Until his wife, Nyi Ageng Serang also died in Dekso, Kulonprogo...
Not long after, Tumenggung Prawodigdoyo from Gagatan also fell in space...
He died when the soldiers faced the Dutch army which was numerous with guns and cannons.
Stelsel Fort strategy caused the soldiers of Diponegoro to be overwhelmed...
On March 27, 1828, Dipokusumo, the son of Diponegoro, surrendered to Susuhunan Surakarta...
Then, on July 21, 1828, Prince Notoprojo surrendered to Landa who was led by Colonel Cleerens during the Pleret War.
Meanwhile, another son of Diponegoro and Sentot Prawirodirjo, the title of the battle on the other side of the river Bogowonto..
From September 30 to October 1, 1828, he reached the Rejasa area near Wunut Fort.
Sentot and Diponegoro's sons attacked Landa led by Major Bsckhens..
However, the attack was unsuccessful and retreated until reaching Kroya, Cilacap...
Major Busckhens continues to chase Diponegoro soldiers...
In Kroya, war broke out again..
In the end, Putra Diponegoro managed to beat back Landa, and managed to capture Landa's weapons in the form of 400 guns and several cannons.
Part 14
Prince Basah Sastrodilogo went back to Ngayogya and visited Prince Diponegoro...
However, a young man named Raden Bagus was arrested by the Regent of Kertosono who was on the side of Landa...
So, on October 3, 1828, Sastrodilogo was forced to surrender in order to preserve the salvation of his brother...
On October 10, 1828, the parties agreed to a negotiation...
This negotiation was held in Gamping, west of the city of Ngayogya...
The Dutch side was represented by Colonel Roeps, and the Diponegoro side was represented by Tumenggung Mangun Prawiro.
However, this negotiation is futile without work.
Therefore, Diponegoro was dragged by Prince Ngabehi, and his army went to the Jamus area, the border of Kedu...
Then, Prince Mangkubumi took the Diponegoro family and relatives to the mountains of Tranggeneng...
Some of these, Diponegoro's sons continued to fight in Cengkowo, on the banks of the Bogowonto river...
The sons of Diponegoro, then took the army that was in Bagelen to Rembang, Madiun, Kediri, to Mancanagara region (Bang Wetan region)...
However, while resting in the area of Pangasi and Sambiroto, this army was surrounded.
Because, the Dutch have built Forts in the area between Minggir, Kemloko, Grobyak, Bligo, Minggiran, Bantul, Brosot, and Kwarasan.
Fortunately, the Sentot soldiers who had returned from Pengasi united with the Diponegoro soldiers.
So, this army managed to escape from Landa's trap...
On October 31, 1828, in the Pajang area, Kyai Mojo held negotiations with the Landa clan who controlled the Mlangi area represented by Prince Wironegoro...
The Dutch asked for a "ceasefire" with the Diponegoro army...
But this negotiation did not yield anything..
Therefore, on November 11, 1828, Kyai Mojo was captured by the Dutch in Bancer, Kemloko..
At that time, Kyai Mojo who was the leader of the Diponegoro army, surrendered to Landa..
This thing must have made Prince Diponegoro and his soldiers happy...
However, Diponegoro remained steadfast, and did not want to surrender to Landa, and continued to fight
Part 15
Prince Diponegoro also received help from Mancanagara (Bang Wetan), such as Regent Ngawi, Arya Wirotani, Prince Mangunprawiro, son of Regent Purwodadi, and Prince Mangunegoro, son of Regent Madiun...
Some of them, the army led by Wirotani, managed to control Ngawi, so the Solo road to Surabaya was closed, and the Bengawan Solo and Madiun cruises were also closed...
From October 9 to November 5, 1828, Dutch troops gathered and invaded the Padangan area, so Ngawi was captured by the Dutch...
Then, Diponegoro sent Tumenggung Amat Aris to Ngawi to help Mangunegoro...
The Diponegoro Army also received help from me in the area of Gunung Wilis and Gunung Lawu...
The soldiers then walked towards the battle area on the side of Mount Merapi...
On the occasion of November 17, 1828, on the banks of Merapi, yellow and red and white flags were raised.
This means that Prince Diponegoro has healed from his "wounds"...
Meanwhile, the Dutch also sent soldiers from Ambon, Manado, and Sumenep.
Landa also received support from Pakualaman and the Mangkunegaran Legion.
The island of Java was then divided into many regions, and each region was guarded by the Dutch government army...
In Yogyakarta, Landa succeeded in influencing Prince Notodiningrat, so he, his wife, mother, and 200 followers surrendered to Landa..
This made General De Kock more eager to approach the commanders of the Diponegoro army.
In fact, Landa promised Prince Diponegoro a lot of rank, position, and burden if he would stop the war and support the Dutch East Indies Government...
On December 20, 1828, the Diponegoro army attacked the Nanggulan Fort.
In the middle of space, Captain Van Ingen reached the ground...
However, the Diponegoro team lost to Senopati in the match...
Prince Prangwedono fell to become the king of the nation
Part 16
The news of the destruction of the Nanggulan Fort made General De Kock angry with Sentot Prawirodirjo.
De Kock imagines Senopati Sentot as a ghost that makes him unable to...
Therefore, De Kock continued to try various ways to get Senopati Sentot to surrender.
However, Senopati Anom refused the persuasion of the Dutch...
Because it was not successful, De Kock launched an appeal to Prince Arya Prawirodiningrat, the son of the Regent of Madiun to surrender...
Prawirodiningrat then surrendered..
Because, if he doesn't want to, salvation is sometimes at stake...
Diponegoro knows if Landa is now using a new strategy, which is to line up indigenous soldiers in the front row...
This was done by Landa because Landa knew that Diponegoro would not be mentally prepared to kill the indigenous people.
But this strategy is also useful for Diponegoro..
Because, the indigenous soldiers feel that they are attached to the person of Prince Diponegoro...
When Diponegoro was in the front row, he immediately accused his identity..
Enemy soldiers who are natives, no one will dare to shoot or face Diponegoro...
December 12, 1828, Landa fell to Karanganyar...
This war then spread to the Wawar area (Southern Sea region), Telogo, and Petanahan...
On January 22, 1829, Kyai Mojo, Haji Ali, and Kasim Besari who were from the Netherlands were brought by Major Roeps and Resident Nahuys, Commissioner of the Ngayogya Palace, to meet Sentot Prawirodirjo in the Bendol River area.
Part 17
During April 1829, Diponegoro and his army were in Petanahan, war broke out..
The Dutch army led by Colonel Cleerens attacked the Diponegoro army.
But in this battle, Cleerens failed to capture Diponegoro...
And Sentot led the struggle in the Ngayogya Kidul region to the East of the Opak river.
Then, on October 14, 1829, in Karanggoni (Kretek Region), the Dutch captured Ratu Ageng (wife of Diponegoro) and Raden Ayuu Gusti (Princess of Diponegoro who married Prince Basah Martonegoro)...
Finally, on October 16, 1829, Sentot and Prince Prawirokusumo, and the 20 Regents, surrendered to Landa in Imogiri..
Sentot was then brought to Bogor, and was made a Landa officer to follow the War against the Padri Army in Minangkabau Sumatra...
For some reason in Minang Sentot even united with Padri's army, Sentot was exiled to Bengkulu until his death....
In 1827-1829, Diponegoro's army decreased.
In fact, in 1829, his son named Prince Joyokusumo died together with Prince Ngabehi while traveling in the Bagelen area towards the Menoreh Mountains...
On August 20, 1829, Prince Mangkubumi also surrendered to the Dutch...
On September 21, 1829, General De Kock wrote a letter addressed to the Ngayogya Palace, which contained a decision on whether the Dutch side wanted to capture the Diponegoro prince alive or dead.
The letter also mentions that anyone who can capture Diponegoro, will be given a burden of 50,000 silver, land to sit on, rank and salary.
After the surrender of Prince Mangkubumi and Prince Ario Prawirodiningrat, Laskar Bulkiyo felt heartbroken...
At the end of 1829, one by one Senopati was tough, and the Dutch surrendered...
Senopati is among them, Prince Ario Suryokusumo, Jerto Pengalasan (hero of the Pleret War), Prince Joyosudiro
Part 18
Although Prince Diponegoro's mood was "depressed", he continued to fight...
Diponegoro still believes in our commitment to Banyumas, Bagelen, and Kedu....
With that, De Kock's effort soon ended the battle, failing to win...
With the remaining soldiers, Diponegoro continues to spread the battle...
He then moved from valley, mountain, forest, and villages...
At the beginning of 1830, the army that followed was a little...
On the other hand, these soldiers are also tired and tired of fighting for 5 years...
16 January 1830, Governor General Du Bus'de Gisignes was replaced by Van Den Bosch..
The new Governor General who implements the rule of "Cultuur Stelsel...
At that time, there was a negotiation offer between Prince Diponegoro and Colonel Cleerens...
But Diponegoro refused the Dutch request...
But De Kock did not give up..
He then sent Cleerens to persuade Diponegoro's son, Prince Dipokusumo, to surrender to Landa...
The surrender of Dipokusumo made Prince Diponegoro feel "depressed"...
Finally, in February 1830, Colonel Cleerens succeeded in finding Diponegoro's place of worship and invited Rundingan...
In a tight situation, whether he wanted to or not, Diponegoro did the Dutch's request..
Soon after, on February 16, 1830, the Piyayi who fought this battle met in Remo Kamal, Bagelen, Purworejo...
Cleerens suggested that Prince Diponegoro should rest at the bottom of Menoreh mountain while waiting for the arrival of Lieutenant General Marcus Hendrick De Kock from Batavia...
But Diponegoro rejected the proposal, because Cleerens was just a scumbag.
Diponegoro only wanted to consult with General De Kock who at that time was attending the "inauguration" of the new Governor General...
In order to make Prince Diponegoro happy and willing to come to the "Great Headquarters" of the Dutch Legion in Magelang, Cleerens made a letter that would honor and support Diponegoro's request....
Cleerens also gave a burden in the form of thousands of money...
However, the money is instead for the followers...
After that, Diponegoro promised to come to meet General De Kock in Magelang during the month of Ramadhan, because, during Ramadhan, Diponegoro did not want to mix religious and worldly affairs.
He wants to spend the fasting day in peace, without the atmosphere of war...
So, he thinks it is not appropriate if the negotiations are held in the month of fasting.
De Kock wants to accept Diponegoro's reasons, and wants to wait for Prince Diponegoro to prepare...
to be continued
Diponegoro War (Javanese War)
De Java Oorloog
1825-1830
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Bahasa Asli
Perang Diponegoro (Perang Jawa)
De Java Oorloog
1825-1830
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Part 1
Pangeran Diponegoro, miyos ing Jum'at Wage, 11 November 1785..
Penjenengane minangka putra pembayun Sinuwun HB III kalian Garwa Ampil, Raden Ayu Mangkarawati (putri Adipati Pacitan)...
Rikala timur, penjenengane kathenger asma, Bendara Raden Mas Ontowiryo...
Sultan HB I banget tresna marang putra buyute iku, lan ngramal bilih Diponegoro bakal nggayuh keagungan ngluwulihi sinuwun kiyambak...
Bendara Raden Mas Ontowiryo, ageng ing lingkungan keraton, lan pikantuk pendidikan Islam, kaya Ngaji, lan sinau keislaman liyane..
Panggula wentah iki ingkang ing tembe njalari jiwa spirituale saya keasah...
Penjenengane remen Khalwat (nyepi) ing gunung-gunung lan gua-gua ing sak kiwa tengene..
Wiwit timur, Raden Ontowiryo pindah ibg Tegalrejo, amarga ing Keraton lagi ana ontran-ontran..
Kejaba iku, Raden Ontowiryo uga ora bisa urip gebyar ing jero keraton ingkang asring gelar Andrawina cara "Barat" ingkang di sediani "minuman keras"...
Ing Tegalrejo, Raden Ontowiryo di gulawetah dening ingkang Eyang Putri, Ratu Ageng, garwa Prameswari HB I..
Amarga lenggah ing sak tengahing kawula alit, wekasan tuwuh rasa tresna marang para kawula, lan leluasa sinau agama Islam ing kana...
Kawit manggon sarwng keng Eyang, Raden Ontowiryo sowan ing keraton mung ping pindo ing dalem setaun, yaiku ing Idul Fitri lan Grebeg Maulid...
Sak wise dewasa, BRM Ontowiryo kaparingan gelar Pengeran Diponegoro...
Penjenengane dadi Priyagung ingkang banget di hormati..
Sak liyane nekuni agama Islam, penjenengane uga remen jahading kebatinan Jawa..
Mula, penjenengane luwih seneng semedi lan sowan ing pesantren tinimbang ing keraton...
Nalika Sultan HB III surut, Pangeran Diponegoro ora kepilih minangka Sultan Ngayogya, amarga mijil saka garwa selir...
Ingkang kepilih nglenggahi dampar yaiku Pangeran Jarot, Putra garwa Prameswari ingkang rikala semana lagi yuswa 13 taun...
Keputusan iki di pangestoni dening Gubermen Walanda..
Wekasan, Pangeran Jarot jumeneng nata ing Ngayogya kanthi gelar Sri Sultan HB IV..
Sak banjure, Pangeran Jarot mrentah ing sak ngandaping pangawasing pengageng keraton..
Nanging, Sultan Anom iki ora yuswa panjang...
Ing taun 1822, penjenengane surut lan ninggal putra ingkang lagi yuswa 3 taun..
Marga saka iku, Pangeran Diponegoro isih kagungan pangarep-arep bisa ngganteni kalenggahaning keng rayi...
Nanging, Gunermen Walanda ora sarujuk..
Sebab, ing 1822, Residen Walanda, Baron de Salis malah misuda Pangeran Gathot Menol ingkang isih yuswa 3 taun minangka Sultan Ngayogya kanthi gelar, Sultan HB V..
Kejaba iku, Pangeran Diponegoro, Pangeran Mangkubumi, lan Ibu Suri (Garwa Prameswari HB IV) kawisuda minangka Wali Negari...
Para pengageng iku di tugasi ndamping keng Sultan mrentah negari nganti Sultan dewasa lan bisa mrentah dewe...
Mesti wae iki ndadekKe ora rebane penggalihe Pangeran Diponegoro...
Mula, penjenengane milih mundur lan metu saka lingkungan keraton...
Diponegoro rumangsa asor amarga kudu tunduk dening putusane Walanda, lan kudu nyembah Raja ingkang isih cilik...
Nanging, aturan lan tata cara keraton pancen kudu mangkono...
Senajano klebu minangka anggota perwalian, Pangeran Diponegoro arang di libatKe ing urusan negari..
Malah, rikala penjenengane nglaporKe masalah ingkang njiret oara kawula, penjenengane ora pikantuk pelayanan ingkang kepenak...
Wekasan, Pangeran Diponegoro metu saka Dewan Perwalian, lan ora nate maneh nderek cawe-cawe ururusan keprajan..
Masio Pangeran Gathot Menol ingkang jumeneng nata, nanging ing kasunyatane, pamrentah krajan di cekel dening Patih Danurejo...
Kamangka, sang Patih iki gampang di pengaruhi lan tunduk banget marang Gubermen..
Bab iki njalari penggalihe Pangeran Diponegoro ora lila yen budaya keraton kecampur budaya "njaba" ingkang ora gathuk marang budaya Jawa lan agama Islam ingkang dadi kapitayanNe..
Diponegoro minangka Pangeran ingkang taat mring ajaran lan hukum Islam..
Penjenengane uga minangka Ulama ingkang remen maos kitab-kitab sujarah, Sastra, lan agama...
Part 2
Pangeran Diponegoro kagungan penganggep, yen njonggole wong-wong manca ing tanah kagungan dalem keraton mawi cara sewa, iku pada dene tibaNe tanah Jawa ing panguwasaNe manca..
Mula, Jawa kudu di rebut nganggo cara perang sabil...
Wusana, Pangeran Diponegoro ngusadani gerahing penggalih kanthi kholwat, lan nyaket marang Sang Kuwasa ing guwa-guwa..
Salah sawijining guwa ingkang asring di agem sang Pangeran kanggo nyepi, yaiku Guwa Selarong...
Amarga para kawula nganggep aturan Keraton lan Gubermen banget ngrugeni, mula, para kawula iku banget ngarep-arep supaya Pangeran Diponegoro bisa ngluwari saka tumindak dek siya iku...
Para penderek sang Pangeran percaya, lamun Pangeran Diponegoro wis kapanjingan Wahyu saka Gusti Kang Akarya Jagad..
Malah, para kawula wus nganggep yen sang Pangeran iku calon Ratu Adil ingkang wus di antu-antu rawuhe...
Diponegoro ora mung sengit marang wong Landa lan China, nanging uga para pengageng keraton sing wis gandheng klawan Landa lan asring ngrusak susila..
Diponegoro kagungan penganggep yen para priyagung iku wus ketularan budaya "Kulon", saingga akhlak dadi merosot...
Senajan kaya mangkono, sejatine Diponegoro ora nate sengit marang wong China..
Penjenengane mung sengit marang wong Landa ingkang asring nyampuri urusan keraton..
Malah ana sawijining wong China ingkang nyengkuyung perjuangane sang Pangeran kanthi maringi Turangga Cemani ingkang di paringi Tetenger Kyai Gentayu...
Turangga iki ingkang dadi mitraNe anggone ngusir penjajah..
Part 3
Rikala semana, Pangeran Diponegoro mireng kabar lamun Gubermen Walanda arep mbangun dalan minangka salah sawijining modernisasi Jawa..
Sekawit, pamrentah dawuh supaya mbangun dalan sing arep ngubungKe kutha Ngayogya lan Magelang ngliwati Muntilan..
Nanging, ing madyaning Mei 1825, Walanda ngrubah rute, lan ngenggokKe jalur ngliwati Tegalrejo...
Dalan iku uga bakal ngliwati desa-desa ing sak kiwa tengenNe Tegalrejo...
Tanpa ana nawala, Pamrentah banjur masang pathok-pathok lan nggusur sak perangan omah sing bakal di liwati proyek dalan iku...
Malah, rute iku uga bakal nrabas pasarean leluhure Pangeran Diponegoro..
Bab iki ingkang njalari penggalihe sang Pangeran murina..
Mula, Pangeran Diponegoro banjur ngirim layang protes menyang kantor Residen...
Nanging, protes iku ora di gagas dening Patih Danurejo lan Residen Walanda, AH. Smissaert...
Senajan pepiling wis di cawisKe dening warga, nanging Pamrentah ora nggubris...
Pangeran Diponegoro rumangsa tumindak iki minangka wujud tantangan tumrap Penjenengane...
Para kawula wis siyaga ing sak mburiNe Diponegoro, lan nancepKe tumbak ing lemah minangka wujud jengkeling ati...
Sak banjure, Diponegoro dawuh marang andahane supaya njabut pathok-pathok iku...
Pirsa bab iki, Residen Smissaert banjur nimbali Diponegoro menyang kantore..
Nanging Diponegoro ora minangkani timbalane Residen...
Walanda lan Patih Danurejo, banjur ngutus Pangeran Mangkubumi, sentana dalem ingkang isih di ajeni lan di hormati dening Pangeran Diponegoro, supaya ngendika marang Diponegoro...
Nanging, sak wise ngendikan marang Diponegoro, Pangeran Mangkubumi malah manunggal klawan Diponegoro...
Mangkubumi uga ora lila yen pesarean kerabat dalem di rusuhi, lan nyengkuyung tumindak'e putra ponak'ane iku...
Rikala Pangeran Mangkubumi arep ngadhep sowan ngarsane Residen, Diponegoro titip weling supaya Walanda mecat Patih Danurejo IV sing di anggep ngrugeni para kawula...
Rikala Mangkubumi rundingan dening Walanda, Mangkubumi tetep ora ngeparengake yen proyek iku nrabas pasarean ingkang di anggep keramat dening para kawula lan kulawarga Diponegoro...
Nanging Residen Smissaert tetep puguh ora nggeser..
Sebab, Gubermen bakal ngetokNe prabea ingkang luwih gede yen kudu ngrubah rute..
Walanda uga nampik pamundute Diponegoro anggone mecat Patih Danurejo IV, malah mbela marang "Pegawai Tinggi" Sultan iku..
Walanda nganggep, yen Danurejo wis akeh lelabuhane marang kapentinganNe Gubermen..
Upaya damai, isih terus di upayaKe, nanging Pangeran Diponegoro ora ngrewes timbalane Residen Walanda...
Malah, Pangeran Mangkubumi uga ora paring palapuran ngenani tugas ingkang di paringake marang Residen..
Iki di anggep Mangkubumi lan Diponegoro mbalela...
Mula, Asisten Residen Ngayogya, Chevallier di utus menyang "daerah sengketa" nggawa prajurit saperlu ngrangket pangeran sak kloron...
Nalika prajurit Walanda tekan Tegalrejo, atusan kawula wis siyaga ngadang kanthi sikep gegaman landhep..
Sak liyane kui, warga uga gawe pepalang (blokade) ing dalan lan ngendheg para kuli ingkang lagi pada nyambut gawe..
Wekasan, perang ora bisa di endani antaraNe para kawula lan prajurit Residen Walanda..
Kabeh para kawula manunggal ing sak ngandaping Pangeran Diponegoro, lan ngikrarake perang marang Walanda...
Mula, ing 19 Juni 1825, Diponegoro nyata ngraman marang Pamrentah Hindia Walanda kanthi ngangkat senjata...
Perang iki diwiwiti kanthi tiwase Letnan Walanda ing prastawa njabute pathok-pathok dalan...
Rikala semana, Diponegoro ngerek gendera Gula Klapa (Abang Putih) sing kabare wis suwe ora nate di klebetKe kawit Jayakatwang ing taun 1292 tekan jaman Sultan Agung)...
Part 4
Nalika ing 20 Juli 1825, mbledhose meriem lan bedile Walanda, di wales dening jojohe tumbak lan sabeting pedang saka para penderek'e Diponegoro ing Tegalrejo...
Mula saka iku, perang kamardikan sing pengen uwal saka panguwasaNe Walanda lan gegayuhan ngadegKe negara lan masyarakat anyar kang mardika, wis kawiwitan...
Wusana, prajurit Walanda lan Danurejo IV ngrangseg ngepung Tegalrejo...
Landa duweni alasan kanggo ngrangket pangeran Diponegoro ingkang wis di anggep ngraman marang panguwasaNe Gubermen Hindia Walanda..
Pirsa gelagat ingkang mbebayani warga desa, Pangeran Diponegoro dawuh marang andahane supaya pada ngungsi ngulon, yaiku menyang desa Dekso, Kulonprogo..
Paprangan pecah..
Kabar ngramane Pangeran Diponegoro iki pikantuk sengkuyung saka sapa wae ingkang rumangsa kapithes dening Walanda..
Mula, kabeh masyarakat Jawa saka Piyayi, Kuli, buruh, bakul, tani, sarjana, guru-guru ngaji, manunggal ndukung perjuangane Pangeran Diponegoro...
Kanthi wewaler "Sak Dumuk Bathuk Senyari Bumi, Di Tohi Tekan Pati", para kawula pada manunggal ngusir penjajah...
Geger Tegalrejo dumadi nganti seminggu...
Ing 29 Juli 1825, Residen Smissaert ngutus Chevallier mandegani prajurit gabungan (wong-wong Landa lan penderek'e Patih Danurejo IV) nglurug Tegalrejo..
Saingga, Tegalrejo bosah-baseh dadi karang abang...
Nanging, Diponegoro, Mangkubumi lan para andahane wis pada sumingkir...
Chevallier terus wae nggempur Tegalrejo..
Wekasan, Chevallier kasil ngrebut Tegalrejo..
Nanging, Pangeran Diponegoro lan Mangkubumi kasil lolos saka pangamuk'e Walanda...
Amarga gagar wigar tanpa karya, Chevallier ngobong seisi desa, klebu dalem Diponegaran lan puluhan omah warga ing sak kiwa tengene dalem Diponegaran..
Saka kadohan, Diponegoro ing sak duwure Turangga Cemani sikil belang putih, Pangeran Mangkubumi lan para penderek'e pada nyawang pembumihangusan iku kathi ati sedih...
Sak banjure, guwa Selarong dadi basis pertahanane Diponegoro..
Guwa Selarong dadi papan kanggo nyusun kekuwatan lan siasat kanggo males kesewenang-wenangan Walanda
Part 5..
Akeh kawula tanpa "di komando" menyang Selarong saperlu nderek nyengkuyung perjuangane sang Pangeran...
Dukungan kanggo Diponegoro teka saka ngendi-endi..
Malah, para Pangeran keraton Ngayogyakarta uga nderek barisane Diponegoro...
Para priyagung keraton iki ing antarane saka para putra HB I, II, lan III ingkang kabeh ana 23, lan para putra wayah sing cacahe 54...
Putra Sultan Sepuh (HB II) ingkang asma Pangeran Puger, minangka Penasehat Agung lan ngampu karya ngurusi urusan "Kerumahtanggaan" kulawarga Diponegoro...
Sak liyane iku, Pangeran Bei (Ngabehi Joyokusumo), sang Senopati Agung minangka pengatur siasat perang kanthi pangkat "Generalissimus"...
Sak liyane para Piyayi keraton, ana sawijining senopati anom, Sentot Prawirodirjo (Alibasah), putra Raden Ronggo Prawirodirjo III..
Kaya dene keng Rama, Sentot mijil minangka prajurit kang di wedeni lawan...
Sentot, salah sawijining senopati Diponegoro ingkang kondhang minangka ahli siasat perang...
Rikala Pangeran Diponegoro nglekasi paprangan, Sentot Prawirodirjo isih ngancik yuswa 16 taun...
Ulama Bayat lan laskar-laskar ingkang di pandegani dening Kyai Mojo lan Tumenggung Prawirodigdoyo saka Surakarta, uga nderek nyengkuyung perjuangane Pangeran Diponegoro..
Kyai Mojo, salah sawijining ahli kitab Islam, kawisuda minangka "Pemimpin Spiritual" lan Penasehat Agama, sarta "Penyemangat Perang" ing Perang Diponegoro iki...
Asal Kyai Mojo saka desa Mojo, lor kutha Surakarta..
Penjenengane kagungan sifat keras lan kekendelan ingkang ngedap-edapi...
Propaganda Perang nglawan penjajah nyebar menyang ngendi-endi...
Ing Ngayogyakarta, Jayanegara enggal gawe layang edaran kanggo ngajak kabeh kawula Mataram supaya nyengkuyung perjuangane Pangeran Diponegoro lan Mangkubumi ngusir penjajah Walanda..
Ing sak njabaning Ngayogya, kayata Banyumas lan sak kiwa tengene, ajak'an "Jihad fi Sabililiah" di gaungKe dening Kyai Kasan Besari saka Kedu...
Ajak'an iki di tampa dening para kawula kanthi magita-gita...
Sing ora di nyana-nyana, sengkuyungan uga teka saka Sinuwun Pakubuwono VI kanthi meneng-menengan..
Sampeyan Dalem paring pangendika marang Pangeran Diponegoro lan laskar-laskare supaya ngetrapKe siasat Perang "Dhedhemitan" alias "Gebang Ancat Nrabas Geblas", yaiku nyerbu dadak'an banjur ngilang ing sak jroning alas, guwa-guwa, gunung, lan petenge wengi...
Jebul, siasat iki gawe wadya bala Walanda giris..
Saingga, ira maido yen ing taun-taun awal, laskar Diponegoro tansah nggayuh kemenangan...
Kemenangan pisan ingkang di gayuh dening para laskar Diponegoro, dumadi ing desa Pisangan, tapal wates Muntilan lan Ngayogyakarta, ingkang di pandegani dening Tumenggung Mulyo Sentiko...
Kanthi gagah pideksa, laskar-laskar Diponegoro nyegat iring-iringan wadya Walanda sing cacahe 120 uwong..
Laskar Diponegoro kasil ngejur mungsuh, lan ngrampas duit kang cacahe 50.000 gulden, lan senjata-senjata duwek'e serdadu Landa...
Ing 6 Agustus 1825, laskar Diponegoro lan para senopati, kasil ngejur markas Walanda ing Purwodadi lan Pacitan...
Kemenangan-kemenangan iki, kasil mbrongot semangate para laskar lan kawula, kanggo nglawan penjajah Walanda...
Saingga, Perang iki mleber tekan Banyumas, Pekalongan, Semarang, Rembang, tekan Madiun...
Part 6
Gubernur Jenderal Van der Capellen kaget setengah mati mireng kabar dredahe Pangeran Diponegoro...
Sebab, Residen Smissaert tansah paring pelapuran yen kahanan Vorstenlanden sak kloron ayem tentrem..
Nanging kasunyatanNe, pergolakan nggegirisi wis mremen nganti sak njabaning wilayah, malah kepara nganti sak idenging Pulo Jawa..
Saingga, pihak Walanda nyebut Perang iki Perang Jawa utawa De Java Oorloog....
Sawetara iku, wadya Walanda ora cukup kanggo ngadepi laskare Diponegoro..
Sebab, wis punjul saka separone lagi ngadepi perange Kaum Padri ing Sumatra Kulon, lan ngredem dredahe Sultan Hasanuddin ing Sulawesi...
Rikala semana, Van der Capellen lagi siyaga arep kundur menyang negara Netherland, amarga kalenggahane wis arep rampung...
Nanging, amarga kahanan iki, kepeksa penjenengane menggak, lan nyuwun "perpanjangan jabatan" setengah taun meneh..
Penjenengane ora kepingin citraNe kecoreng ing Netherland...
Sak banjure, Gubernur Jenderal ngutus Letnan Jenderal Hendrick Marcus de Kock supaya nangani peperangan iki...
Ing liya pihak, Pangeran Diponegoro, Mangkubumi, Kyai Mojo lan Sentot Prawirodirjo, saya gigih anggone ngobarake perlawanan...
Diponegoro pirsa, yen Walanda kekurangan cacah, lan peperangan wis arep nyedak'i keraton Ngayogya...
Pirsa kahanan iki, De Kock banjur ngukuhKe pertahanane ing Ngayogya...
Nanging ing Logorok, wilayah Lor Ngayogya, 200 prajurit Landa, klebu Kumendane, Kapten Kumsius, tiwas di terjang laskar Diponegoro ingkang di pandegani dening Mulya Sentiko...
Kejaba iku, prajurit Landa ingkang njaga pertahanan ing Benteng Vredenburg, uga mung 200 uwong...
Kanggo nuduhKe prasetyaNe marang Walanda, Sunan Pakubuwono VI ngintun prajurit Surakarta..
Semana uga, Mangkunegaran uga ngedunKe Legiun Mangkunegaran marang De Kock...
Malah, Jenderal Landa iki uga pikantuk pambiyantu saka Sultan Paku Nataningrat saka Sumenep kanthi ngintun prajurit Madura di pandegani dening Pangeran Suryadiningrat..
Wusana, kurange wadya bala prajurit, wis bisa nyukupi...
De Kock uga kasil ngayomi Sultan HB V lan sentana saka pangincime pambrontak..
Sultan HB V di "amanKe" ing jroning Benteng Vredenburg..
Kanthi cara iki, De Kock nyuda "keterlibatan" kulawarga keraton...
De Kock uga kasil nundhung laskar Diponegoro, metu saka wilayah keraton kanggo sawetara...
Amarga Kesultanan wis kelangan wibawa, Gubermen Hindia Walanda, nyuwun marang Sultan Sepuh (HB II) ingkang nate dadi Naledra Ngayogya, supaya lenggah dampar, lan jumeneng nata ing Ngayogya maneh..
Sultan Sepuh nyanggupi pamundute Walanda..
Sak liyane iku, kanggo ngadepi Diponegoro, Hindia Walanda kepeksa narik Prajurite sing lagi ngadepi Kaum Padri ing Sumatera Kulon...
Wusana, pihak sak kloron rujuk ing "Gencatan Senjata)
Part 7
Dukungan perjuangan Pangeran Diponegoro, ora mung saka para kawula lan Piyayi biasa..
Nanging ingkang tanpa di nyana, Kanjeng Susuhunan Pakubuwono VI, uga paring pambyantu...
Nalendra ing Surakarta ingkang uga kondhang kanthi gelar Sinuwun Bangun Tapa iki, ora sithik lelabuhane marang Diponegoro...
Amarga duwe prajanjen karo Gubermen Hindia Walanda, Sinuwun ora ngatonake dukungane...
Senajan mangkono, Sinuwun tansah paring sumbangan arupa dana lan senjata...
Pangeran Diponegoro uga nate nlusup mlebu keraton Surakarta saperlu ngrembug sikape Mangkunegaran lan Madura...
Nanging, nalika Walanda teka ing keraton, Sinuwun lan Diponegoro ethok-ethok sulaya lan "saling serang"...
Kabare, Kereta Pangeran Diponegoro ingkang keri, enggal gage di pendhem ing jroning lingkungan keraton saka dawuhe Sinuwun...
Kanthi mangkono, Sinuwun PB VI nglakoni rong paraga...
Kejaba nyengkuyung perjuangane Diponegoro, uga ngintun prajurit ethok-ethok mbantu Landa..
Raden Ngabei Ronggowarsito, uga nate nderek barisan prajurit" sandiwara" iki...
Ing daerah-daerah liya, kaya Demak, Pekalongan, Banten, Banyumas, Ledok, Kedu, lan daerah Brang Wetan, para utusan Diponegoro kasil mbrongot semangate para kawula..
Seka jasane para utusan iku, kira-kira 35.000 kawula Purbalingga, manunggal nglurug Kedu lan kasil ngrebut Parakan lan Magelang...
Ngadepi bab iki, prajurit Landa ingkang nyawiji ing Magelang, di suntakKe nggempur para pambrontak ing sak idenging Kedu ingkang ngubungake Benteng ing Bawen nganti Parakan...
Prajurit Landa iki, entuk pambyantu saka wong-wong China ingkang nyawiji ing barisan "Yong Sekar" saka Legiun Mangkunegaran, lan uga saka prajurit para Bupati ingkang setya marang Landa, yaiku Raden Tumenggung Danuningrat Bupati Magelang, Raden Tumenggung Aryo Sumodilogo Bupati Menoreh (Temanggung), Tumenggung Mangunsentiko, Tumenggung Wiroyudo, lan Tumenggung Mertodiwiro...
Part 8
Rikala 27 Juli 1825, laskar Diponegoro ingkang arep ngrebut kutha Magelang, wis tekan gunung Tidar..
Nanging, serangan iku ora kasil, saingga penyerbuan di alihKe menyang daerah Menoreh..
Sak banjure, ing Agustus pungkasan 1825, laskar Diponegoro kasil ngrebut Cempaka, Telahap, Parakan, lan Propak...
Ing paprangan iki, Bupati Menoreh, Arya Sumodilogo, nemahi pralaya...
Ing 31 Agustus 1825, para prajurit ingkang di pandegani dening Pangeran Abubakar lan Pangeran Adikusumo, arep ngrebut Magelang..
Ing paprangan ing daerah Sadegan lan Pucang, Opsir-opsir Landa lan Bupati Magelang, Danuningrat, ingkang mbiyantu Walanda ing wilayah Kedu Kidul, tiwas di terjang laskar Diponegoro...
Sak banjure, kanggo mepet mobah mosik'e laskar Diponegoro, De Kock banjur mbangun Benteng ing Kali Jengking, Borobudur, Magelang, lan Tempel...
Saingga, ing 1 Desember 1826, Pangeran Mangkudiningrat (Mangkuwijoyo), putra wayah Sultan Sepuh, karangket Walanda ing Plendingan...
Banjur, ing awal Januari 1827, Diponegoro mimpin perjuangan lan ngetokKe 8000 laskar ing gunung Tawon..
Prajurit iki nglurug Benteng Trayem, saingga pecah Perang nganti masasen-sasen ing sak kupenge Kali Progo lan Bogowonto...
Kawula Pajang, ingkang di pandegani dening Pangeran Rapat Notoprojo, kadange Pangeran Mangkudiningrat..
Nanging, penjenengane uga karangket Walanda rikala arep nyerang wilayah Bagelen lan Kedu..
Mireng kekalahan iku, Pangeran Diponegoro duka yayah sinipi...
Banjur, Diponegoro mbales kekalahan iku kanthi nglurug wilayah Gunung Tawang...
Nanging, ing 19 Januari 1827, Pangeran Surya Mataram lan Pangeran Prangwedono, pasrah marang Landa...
Peperangan ing wilayah Banyumas, Pekalongan, Ledok, lan Jabrangkah ingkang di pandegani dening Imam Musba lan Mas Lurah, njalari laju pamrentahan Hindia Walanda keganggu...
Hubungan Walanda menyang Cirebon pedot ing wilayah Tegal nganti Pekalongan..
Sebab, ing wilayah iki isih di kuasani para penderek'e Diponegoro
Part 9
Ing Perang iki, Hindia Walanda antuk sokongan saka wong-wong China ingkang di peksa dadi Serdadu, saka Semarang, Bogor, lan Magelang..
Semono uga Pangeran Diponegoro uga entuk pambyantu saka Pangeran Serang lan Bupati daerah Serang, Sukowati..
Pangeran Serang iku kadang ipe Pangeran Mangkudiningrat, utawa putra mantu Sultan Sepuh..
Salah sawijining garwa Pangeran Serang, ana ingkang isih Trah Sunan Kalijogo, ingkang kaparingan gelar, Nyi Ageng Serang....
Nyi Ageng Serang, kagungan asma asli RA Kustiyah Wulaningsih Retno Edi, minangka putra wuragil Bupati Serang, Panembahan Notoprojo...
Senajan putra Piyayi, Nyi Ageng Serang banget cedhak mring kawula dasih kawit isih timur..
Semangat perjuangan Nyi Ageng Serang kebrongot kanggo bela para kawula...
Kejaba iku, sedaNe keng raka rikala mbela Pangeran Mangkubumi (HB I) anggone nglawan PB II ingkang di rewangi Landa, uga nguthik semangate kanggo nglawan Landa...
Kejaba minangka garwa, Penjenengane uga salah sawijining prajurit putri ingkang peng-pengan...
Mula, Penjenengane uga kondhang kanthi gelar "Djayeng Sekar"...
Ing Keraton Ngayogya, asma Djayeng Sekar lan Langen Kusuma iku jeneng Korps Keprajuritan Putri ingkang di bentuk dening Sultan HB I, ingkang anggotane para putri pendekar kanthi senjata panah lan tumbak (Infantri), lan uga prajurit Turangga (Kavaleri)...
Mula, Nyi Ageng Serang kedhapuk dening Pangeran Diponegoro supaya mimpin laskar Gula Klapa kanggo wilayah Jawa Tengah sisih Wetan Kidul...
Nyi Ageng Serang sak banjure dadi salah sawijining Senopati andalan Pangeran Diponegoro..
Penjenengane lan "Prajurit Siluman" nduweni keahlian nyerang kanthi cepet...
Saingga anggawe mungsuh gilapen lan giris...
Nanging, Penjenengane uga gugur ing madyaning ronanggana, lan kapetak ing gunung Trajumas, Kalibawang, Kulonprogo
Part 10
Sak wise Pangeran Notoprojo saka Ngayogya paring pambyantu marang Pangeran Diponegoro, kawula Semarang bisa di siyagakKe kanggo nggempur wilayah Purwodadi...
Saingga, ing 28 Agustus 1827, Purwodadi bisa di rebut dening Pangeran Serang kang uga di bantu dening Bupati Gagatan..
Sak banjure, pambrontakan mrembet menyang Kudus, Demak, Wirosari, Grobogan, lan Semarang..
Nanging jebule, Walanda karep tetep ngrengkuh Semarang..
Sak wise antuk tambahan prajurit saka Surabaya, Sumenep, lan Solo, Landa ngadepi laskar Diponegoro di pandegani dening Jenderal Van Geen...
Ing paprangan iki, Bupati Gagatan karangket, banjur di tahan ing Surakarta...
Bekas Bupati Semarang, Adipati Suroadimenggolo, melu kecekel sebab keng putra ingkang asma Raden Sukur nderek nyengkuyung Diponegoro...
Kejaba iku, Bupati Serang isih terus di buru Van Geen....
15 September 1827, Van Geen nggempur Demak..
Ing paprangan iki, Bupati Serang bisa uwal saka inceraning Landa senajan daleme ludes di obong Landa..
Banjur, penjenengane nyawiji marang Arya Kertodirjo,Senopati prajurit Diponegoro wilayah Madiun...
Sak liyane iku, Pangeran Basah Sastrodilogo, mandegani perjuangan ing wilayah Rembang lan Bojonegoro...
Penjenengane nyiagakKe prajurite ing Rajegwesi, Bojonegoro...
Rikala semana, Sastrodilogo iku salah sawijining Tumenggung lan Senopati Prajurit Sultan ing Ngayogyakarta...
Nanging, rikala Sultan Sepuh jumeneng ingkang kaping telune, Sastrodilogo kundur menyang Rembang, lan ngleksanani dawuhe Pangeran Diponegoro supaya ngobong pambrontak'an ing kono...
Sak wise Landa mbangun Benteng ing Tuban, Bancar, Pluntaran, Blora, lan Pamotan, wadya Walanda kasil nggebug mundur laskar Sastrodilogo...
Part 11
Amarga prajurit Diponegoro asring nyerang dadak'an, kaya dene caraNe Raden Mas Said utawa Pangeran Samber Nyawa, mula kawit April 1826, Jenderal De Kock mimpin "Operasi Penumpasan Pemberontakan" kanthi langsung..
Kanggo ngendani thukule kekacauan ing wilayahe jalaran prilakuNe para pambrontak, penjenengane mbangun Benteng-benteng cilik sing di gawe "saling terhubung" antar distrik...
Ing sawetara iki, Surakarta di dadekNe basis prajurit Landa kanggo nglurug Ngayogyakarta..
Sak banjure, De Kock nyiagakKe para prajurit ing antarane Benteng-benteng, lan nglakoni ngronda kanthi teratur...
Sak liyane iku, De Kock uga nyebar telik sandi kanggo nlusub ing sak tengahing kawula supaya bisa nemokKe ngendi dununge Diponegoro...
Jenderal Van Geen malah wis kasil ngrebut Demak ingkang wis di kuwasani laskar Diponegoro..
Sak liyane iku, Letnan Kolonel Chosius, andahane De Kock, ngusulke cara kanggo ngrangket Diponegoro, yaiku nganggo cara Sayembara kanggo para kawula..
Gubermen Hindia Walanda bakal maringi bebana arupa duit cacahe 20.000 real kanggo sapa wae sing bisa ngrangket pangeran Diponegoro...
Nanging, sayembara iku ora di rewes..
Sebab para kawula pada nyengkuyung perjuangane Pangeran Diponegoro..
Mula Perang gede ora bisa di endani maneh..
Prajurit Infanteri, Kavaleri, Artileri pada di suntakKe..
Ajang paprangan uga thukul ing padesan lan kutha-kutha sak idenging Jawa..
Para Senopati uga miguna'ake kahanan alam minangka dasar kanggo nyusun siasat Perang
Para laskar asring nganakKe serangan rikala udan deres..
Sebab, udan tropis kasil ngrendet lakuNe prajurit Landa..
Kejaba iku, pageblug kaya Malaria, Disentri, lan sak panunggalane, uga dadi mungsuh sing "tan kasat mata" sing ndadek'ake loyoNe jasmani, lan ngedunKe mental, kepara malah njalari tumekaning pati...
Mula, ing wektu ingkang mangkono, Gubermen Hindia Walanda ngajak ing meja rundingan....
Part 12
Rikala di sepakati "gencatan senjata", Landa bakal nyusun maneh kekuatanNe
Sak liyane iku, Landa uga nyebar mata pita lan "provokator" ing desa-desa lan kutha-kutha kanggo manas-manasi, mecah belah, lan menet kulawarga para Pangeran lan Senopati ingkang nderek Diponegoro
Senajan mangkono, ora ana prajurit pribumi ingkang gigrig mungsuh Landa
Pas rame-rameNe Perang, Hindia Walanda ngetokKe 23.000 serdadu
Iki durung nate di lakoni Landa, nimbangi yen wilayah Jawa Tengah lan Jawa Wetan iku dudu wilayah sing amba
Mula, yen di sawang saka netra kaprajuritan (militer), Perang iki migunake kabeh cara perang modern, mbuh kui cara adu arep (perang terbuka), utawa dhedhemitan (gerilya), sing di leksanani kanthi siasat nyerang, ndelik, lan ngadang...
Siasat kasebut wis dudu kawastani perang suku, nanging perang modern sing migunake maneka warna cara, kaya perang urat syaraf mawi "tekanan-tekanan, provokasi kanggo sapa wae ingkang njegur langsung ing pabaratan...
Sak liyane iku, Landa apa dene Diponegoro uga masang Telik Sandi (intelijen) kanggo golek'i kelemahan, lan jumlah kekuatan lawan..
Paprangan pecah maneh ing sak idenging Mataram...
Diponegoro uga kasil ngrebut Imogiri lan Pleret, di susul Delanggu, Lengkong, lan Kasuran...
Ing pancakara iku, Keraton Surakarta, Pakualaman, lan Mangkunegaran ana ing pihak Walanda...
Laskar Tumenggung Surorejo kasil ngejur Legiun Mangkunegaran..
Diponegoro uga kasil ngrebut markas Walanda ing Prambanan, lan kasil ngrampas meriem-meriem Walanda...
Pertahanan Walanda ing Madiun uga remuk dening Pangeran Serang lan Pangeran Syukur...
Ing Dekso, Sentot Prawirodirjo kasil numpes meh kabeh serdadu Landa..
Nanging, Jenderal Van Geen, Kolonel Cochius, Pangeran Murdoningrat, lan Pangeran Panular kasil lolos saka terjangan Sentot....
Ora suwe, Pangeran Murdoningrat, Pangeran Panular, lan Letnan Habert bali nyerang laskar Diponegoro...
Ing paprangan iki, Letnan Habert tumekaning pati ing astane Pangeran Diponegoro..
Prajurit Surakarta ingkang nglawan Diponegoro, uga ajur ing Delanggu...
Benteng Gowok ingkang di jaga dening Kolonel Le Baron, uga kasil di rebut...
Nanging ing paprangan iki, Pangeran Diponegoro ketembak ing dada lan samparan...
Wusana, Diponegoro dawuh marang Sentot supaya mundur...
Amarga, miturut Pangeran Diponegoro, tujuan Perang iki yaiku nglawan Landa, dudu sapada wong Jawa...
Kamangka, kari selangkah meneh, keraton Surakarta bisa karebut...
Part 13
Kekalahan sing di sangga De Kock malah saya gawe nekad..
De Kock nyuwun tambahan anggaran marang Pamrentah Pusat...
RencanaNe, dana iku arep di kanggoKe mbangun Benteng Stelsel sing bisa ngrapetKe obah mosik'e laskar Diponegoro ing daerah-daerah ingkang wis di rebut Walanda...
Ing pangajab, cara iki bisa kanggo ndeseg Diponegoro supaya kersa di jak rundingan...
Ing awal paprangan, siasat ingkang di terapKe Walanda yaiku ngoyak kanggo ngrangket Diponegoro..
Nanging iki malah gawe kapitunane Walanda..
Mula, ing November 1826, Walanda nlusupKe Kyai Sentono minangka mata pita ing jroning laskar Diponegoro...
Adedasar pelapuran Kyai Sentono, Landa banjur ganti siasat...
Landa wis ora mligi ngoyak Diponegoro, nanging ngetrapKe siasat pangepungan...
Mula, Walanda mbangun Benteng lan pos-pos pertahanan utawa ingkang di arani Benteng Stelsel..
Banjur, ing wilayah Mataram, kaya ing Bantul, Paluwatu, Pasargede, Jatinom, lan Delanggu, thukul benteng-benteng Landa kang bakoh...
Malah, kira-kira nganti 165 benteng ingkang di bangun Landa kanggo ngepung laskar Diponegoro...
Sak liyane iku, akeh para Bupati ingkang biyantu Landa..
Mesti wae bab iki njalari saya abote laskar Diponegoro anggone "berkomunikasi"...
Mula, perlawanan Diponegoro dadi gampang di bendung...
Malah, laskar Bulkiyo ngadepi wektu-wektu kang abot...
Ing madyaning wektu susah iku, Diponegoro ngumpulKe para Senopati lan Sesepuh kanggo ngrebut kahanan ingkang banget ora nyenengake iku...
"Pertemuan" di gelar ing Pesanggrahan Bagelen..
Para senopati sarujuk, perlawanan tetep terus di gelar nganti kamardikan kagayuh ing Tanah Jawa...
Akibate, akeh para laskar ingkang dadi banten...
Wekasan, Pangeran Kusumowijoyo utawa Pangeran Serang ingkang ngobong perlawanan ing keraton Surakarta, gugur ing payudan...
Nganti keng garwa, Nyi Ageng Serang uga gugur ing Dekso, Kulonprogo...
Ora suwe, Tumenggung Prawodigdoyo saka Gagatan uga gugur ing ronanggana...
Penjenengane gugur rikala prajurit ngadepi tentara Landa ingkang cacahe mathikel-thikel kanthi senjata bedil lan meriem..
Siasat Benteng Stelsel njalari prajurit Diponegoro saya kwalahan...
Ing 27 Maret 1828, Dipokusumo, putra Diponegoro, pasrah marang Susuhunan Surakarta...
Banjur, ing 21 Juli 1828, Pangeran Notoprojo uga pasrah marang Landa ingkang di pandegani dening Kolonel Cleerens rikala Perang ing Pleret..
Sak liyane iku, putra Diponegoro liyane lan Sentot Prawirodirjo, gelar paprangan ing sak idenging kali Bogowonto..
Rikala 30 September nganti 1 Oktober 1828, tekan wilayah Rejasa ing sak cedhak'e Benteng Wunut..
Sentot lan para putra Diponegoro, nyerang Landa ingkang di pandegani dening Mayor Bsckhens..
Nanging, serangan iku ora kasil lan mundur nganti tekan Kroya,Cilacap...
Mayor Busckhens terus ngoyak laskar Diponegoro...
Ing Kroya, pecah Perang maneh..
Wekasan, Putra Diponegoro kasil nggebug mundur Landa, lan kasil ngrebut senjata Landa arupa 400 bedil lan piro-piro meriem..
Part 14
Pangeran Basah Sastrodilogo kundur menyang Ngayogya lan sowan Pangeran Diponegoro...
Nanging, kadange anom ingkang asma Raden Bagus di rangket dening Bupati Kertosono ingkang mihak Landa...
Saingga, ing 3 Oktober 1828, Sastrodilogo kepeksa pasrah demi njaga kawilujengane keng rayi...
10 Oktober 1828, pihak sak kloron akur gelar rundingan...
Rundingan iki di gelar ing Gamping, sak kulonNe kutha Ngayogya...
Pihak Walanda di wakili dening Kolonel Roeps, lan pihak Diponegoro di wakili Tumenggung Mangun Prawiro..
Nanging, rundingan iki gagar wigar tanpa karya..
Mula, Diponegoro di derekKe dening Pangeran Ngabehi, ngasta laskare tumuju daerah Jamus, tapal wates Kedu...
Banjur, Pangeran Mangkubumi ngasta kulawarga Diponegoro lan para kerabat menyang pegunungan Tranggeneng...
Sawetara iki, para putra Diponegoro tetep ngobarake paprangan ing Cengkowo, ing sak pinggiring kali Bogowonto...
Para putra Diponegoro iki, banjur ngasta laskare ingkang ana ing Bagelen tumuju daerah Rembang, Madiun, Kediri, nganti wilayah Mancanagara (wilayah bang Wetan)...
Nanging, rikala ngaso ing daerah Pangasi lan Sambiroto, laskar iki kinepung..
Sebab, Walanda wis mbangun Benteng ing wilayah kasebut ing antarane ing Minggir, Kemloko, Grobyak, Bligo, Minggiran, Bantul, Brosot, lan Kwarasan..
Bejane, Laskar Sentot ingkang wis balik saka Pengasi nyawiji marang laskar Diponegoro..
Saingga, wadya bala iki kasil lolos saka kupengane Landa...
Ing 31 Oktober 1828, ing wilayah Pajang, Kyai Mojo nganani rundingan klawan Landa ingkang nguwasani daerah Mlangi sing di wakili dening Pangeran Wironegoro...
Pihak Walanda nyuwun supaya bisa "gencatan senjata" karo laskar Diponegoro...
Nanging rundingan iki ora ngasilake apa-apa..
Mula, ing tanggal 11 November 1828, Kyai Mojo di rangket Walanda ing Bancer, Kemloko..
Wusana, Kyai Mojo ingkang minangka pangawak'e laskar Diponegoro, pasrah marang Landa..
Bab iki mesti wae ndadek'ake penggalihe Pangeran Diponegoro lan para laskar muwun...
Nanging, Diponegoro tetep tatag, lan ora kersa nyerah marang Landa, lan tetep ngobarake paprangan
Part 15
Pangeran Diponegoro uga pikantuk pambyantu saka Mancanagara (brang Wetan), kaya Bupati Ngawi, Arya Wirotani, Pangeran Mangunprawiro, putra Bupati Purwodadi, lan Pangeran Mangunegoro, putra Bupati Madiun...
Sawetara iku, laskar ingkang di pandegani dening Wirotani, kasil nguwasani Ngawi, saingga dalan Solo tumuju Surabaya ketutup, lan pelayaran Bengawan Solo lan Madiun uga ketutup...
Rikala 9 Oktober nganti 5 November 1828, wadya bala Walanda kumpul lan nyerbu daerah Padangan, saingga Ngawi karebut dening Walanda...
Banjur, Diponegoro ngutus Tumenggung Amat Aris tumuju Ngawi saperlu biyantu Mangunegoro...
Laskar Diponegoro uga pikantuk pambyantu saka kawula ing wilayah Gunung Wilis lan Gunung Lawu...
Laskar kasebut banjur mlaku tumuju daerah paprangan ing sak idenging gunung Merapi...
Wusana, 17 November 1828, ing sak perenge Merapi, wus kumlebet gendera kuning lan abang putih..
Iki mratanda'ake yen Pangeran Diponegoro wis dangan saka "tatu-tatuNe"...
Sak liyane iku, Walanda uga nekakNe serdadu saka Ambon, Manado, lan Sumenep..
Landa uga pikantuk sokongan saka Pakualaman lan Legiun Mangkunegaran..
Pulo Jawa banjur di para dadi pirang-pirang daerah, lan saben daerah di jaga tentara pamrentah Walanda...
Ing Ngayogyakarta, Landa kasil mengaruhi Pangeran Notodiningrat, saingga penjenengane, garwa, Ibu, lan 200 penderek'e pasrah marang Landa..
Iki ndadek'ake Jenderal De Kock saya getol nyedhak'i para pengageng laskar Diponegoro..
Malah, Landa njanjeni pangkat, kalenggahan, lan bebana ingkang akeh kagem Pangeran Diponegoro yen kersa mungkasi paprangan lan nyengkuyung Pamrentah Hindia Walanda...
20 Desember 1828, laskar Diponegoro nglurug Benteng Nanggulan..
Ing madyaning ronanggana, Kapten Van Ingen njrebabah ndepani bantala...
Nanging, pihak Diponegoro kelangan Senopati pilih tandhing...
Pangeran Prangwedono gugur dadi kusumaning bangsa
Part 16
Kabar ancure Benteng Nanggulan iki ndadek'ake Jenderal De Kock saya kamigilan marang Sentot Prawirodirjo..
De Kock mbayangKe Senopati Sentot kadya memedi ingkang njalari penjenengane ora bisa nendra...
Mula, De Kock terus ngupaya maneka warna cara supaya Senopati Sentot kersa pasrah..
Nanging, Senopati Anom iki panggah nampik pambujuk'e Walanda...
Amarga ora kasil, De Kock banjur nglancarKe inciman marang Pangeran Arya Prawirodiningrat, putra Bupati Madiun supaya pasrah...
Prawirodiningrat banjur pasrah..
Sebab, yen penjenengane ora kersa, kawilujengan kadange ingkang dadi taruhan...
Diponegoro pirsa lamun saiki Landa ngetrapKe siasat anyar, yaiku mbarisKe prajurit pribumi ing barisan paling ngarep...
Iki di lakoni Landa sebab Landa ngerti yen Diponegoro ora bakal mentala yen kudu mateni wong-wong pribumi..
Nanging siasat iki uga mbatheni tumrap Diponegoro..
Sebab, para prajurit pribumi rumangsa pekewuh marang pribadi Njeng Pangeran Diponegoro...
Rikala Diponegoro ing barisan paling ngarep, penjenengane bajur nuduhKe jati diriNe..
Prajurit mungsuh ingkang saka kawula pribumi, ora bakal ana sing wani nembak utawa ngadepi Diponegoro...
Perang iki banjur mrembet nganti daerah Wawar ( wilayah segara Kidul), Telogo, lan Petanahan...
Rikala 22 Januari 1829, Kyai Mojo, Haji Ali, lan Kasim Besari ingkang karangket Walanda di gawa dening Mayor Roeps lan Residen Nahuys, Komisaris Keraton Ngayogya, saperlu arep di ketemokKe Sentot Prawirodirjo ing daerah Kali Bendol..
Nanging, rikala kepanggih ing Gambling, ora ana kesepakatan rujuk, saingga mung di anani gencatan senjata
Part 17
Rikala April 1829, Diponegoro lan laskare lagi ing Petanahan, perang pecah..
Wadya bala Walanda kang di pandegani dening Kolonel Cleerens nggempur laskar Diponegoro..
Nanging ing paprangan iki, Cleerens ora kasil nyekel Diponegoro...
Lan Sentot mimpin perjuangan ing wilayah Ngayogya Kidul nganti sak Wetane kali Opak..
Banjur, ing 14 Oktober 1829, ing Karanggoni (Wilayah Kretek), Walanda nyekel Ratu Ageng (garwa Diponegoro) lan Raden Ayuu Gusti (Putri Diponegoro ingkang krama karo Pangeran Basah Martonegoro)...
Wekasan, ing tanggal 16 Oktober 1829, Sentot lan Pangeran Prawirokusumo, lan para Bupati ingkang cacahe 20, pasrah marang Landa ing Imogiri..
Sentot banjur di gawa menyang Bogor, lan di dadekNe Opsir Landa kanggo nderek Perang mungsuh Laskar Padri ing Minangkabau Sumatera...
Mergo ing Minang Sentot malah manunggal klawan laskar Padri, Sentot banjur di buang ing Bengkulu nganti sedane....
Taun 1827-1829, laskar Diponegoro saya suda..
Malah, ing taun 1829, putraNe ingkang asma Pangeran Joyokusumo gugur bareng karo Pangeran Ngabehi rikala magut yuda ing wilayah Bagelen tumuju daerah Pegunungan Menoreh...
Ing 20 Agustus 1829, Pangeran Mangkubumi uga pasrah Walanda...
21 September 1829, Jenderal De Kock nyerat nawala katujo'ake marang Keraton Ngayogya kang isiNe putusan lamun pihak Walanda sedya ngrangket pangeran Diponegoro urip utawa mati..
Layang iku uga nyebut sapa wae ingkang bisa ngrangket Diponegoro, bakal di paring bebana arupa 50.000 perak, tanah lungguh, pangkat lan gaji..
Pasrahe Pangeran Mangkubumi lan Pangeran Ario Prawirodiningrat, Laskar Bulkiyo rumangsa semplah atine...
1829 pungkasan, siji mbaka siji Senopati tangguh, uga pasrah Walanda...
Senopati iku ing antarane, Pangeran Ario Suryokusumo, Jerto Pengalasan (pahlawan Perang Pleret), Pangeran Joyosudiro
Part 18
Senajan penggalihe Pangeran Diponegoro "tertekan", penjenengane tetep nerusKe perjuangan...
Diponegoro tetep percaya tumrap prasetyaNe kawula Banyumas, Bagelen, lan Kedu....
Kanthi mangkono, usaha De Kock enggal mungkasi paprangan, gagal wigar...
Kanthi prajurit sing isih ana, Diponegoro tetep ngobarake paprangan...
Penjenengane banjur pindah-pindah saka lembah, gunung, alas, lan desa-desa...
Wiwitan taun 1830, laskar ingkang nderek'ake kari sithik...
Sak liyane iku, para laskar iki uga wis bosen lan kesel nglakoni Perang nganti 5 taun...
16 Januari 1830, Gubernur Jenderal Du Bus'de Gisignes di ganti Van Den Bosch..
Gubernur Jenderal anyar ingkang nerapKe aturan "Cultuur Stelsel...
Rikala iku, ana tawaran rundingan antarane Pangeran Diponegoro lan Kolonel Cleerens...
Nanging Diponegoro nampik pamundute Walanda...
Nanging De Kock ora nyerah..
Penjenengane banjur ngutus Cleerens supaya mbujuk putra Diponegoro, Pangeran Dipokusumo, supaya pasrah marang Landa...
Pasrahe Dipokusumo ndadek'ake penggalihe Pangeran Diponegoro saya "tertekan"...
Wekasan, ing Februari 1830, Kolonel Cleerens kasil nemo'ake papan pandelik'e Diponegoro lan ngajak Rundingan...
Ing kahanan kejepit, kersa ora kersa, Diponegoro minangkani pamundute Walanda..
Sak banjure, ing 16 Februari 1830, para Piyayi ingkang mungsuhan iki ketemu ing Remo Kamal, Bagelen, Purworejo...
Cleerens paring usul yen Pangeran Diponegoro supaya ngaso disik ing sak ngisore pegunungan Menoreh sinambi ngenteni rawuhe Letnan Jenderal Marcus Hendrick De Kock saka Batavia...
Nanging Diponegoro nampik usulan iku, sebab, Cleerens mung jejering andahan..
Diponegoro mung kersa musyawarah karo Jenderal De Kock ingkang wektu semana lagi ngrawuhi "pelantikan" Gubernur Jenderal sing anyar...
Supaya penggalihe Pangeran Diponegoro luluh lan kersa rawuh ing "Markas Agung" Legiun Walanda ing Magelang, Cleerens gawe nawala kang isine bakal mulya'ake lan nyengkuyung pamundute Diponegoro....
Cleerens uga maringi bebana arupa duit ewonan cacahe...
Nanging, duit-duit iku malah di dum-dum kanggo para penderek'e...
Sak banjure, Diponegoro janji arep rawuh manggihi Jenderal De Kock ing Magelang sak purnane sasi Ramadhan, sebab, sak suwene Ramadhan, Diponegoro ora kersa nyampuri urusan Agama lan Kadonyan..
Penjenengane arep nglampahi ibadah siyam kanthi ayem, tanpa swasana Perang...
Saingga, penjenengane nganggep kurang pas yen rundingan di leksanani ing wulan pasa..
De Kock kersa nampa alasan Diponegoro, len kersa ngenteni siape Pangeran Diponegoro...
Ana candhak'e..
